Essay on Telangana
Telangana, the twelfth largest and twelfth most populous state of India was formed on 2nd June 2014 with Hyderabad as its capital. It falls in the southern part of the country and covers an area of approximately 114,840 square kilometres. Till 1948, major part of Telangana was ruled over by the Nizam of Hyderabad. It was known as the Telugu-speaking region of the princely state of Hyderabad which dissolved into one big state, Andhra Pradesh in the year 1956.
The word ‘Telangana’ is derived from the Sanskrit word ‘Trilinga or Trilinga Desa” which means ‘the country of three lingas’. In the ancient time, Telangana was ruled by several empires namely, the Satavahana dynasty (230 BCE to 220 CE), the Kakatiya Dynasty (1083-1323), the Musunuri Nayaks (1326-1356) the Delhi Sultanate, the Bahmani Sultanate (1347-1512), Qutub Shahi dynasty (1512-1687), Mughal Empire (1687-1724) and Asaf Jahi Dynasty (1724-1948).
The Nizam of Hyderabad didn’t want to merge with Indian Union but to remain independent during independence but the Government of India captured Hyderabad State on 17th September 1948 after a military operation called Operation Polo. Telangana is situated on the Deccan Plateau and two major rivers Godavri and Krishna flow through it. There is hot and dry climate for major part of the year. It has three National Parks: Kasu Brahmananda Reddy National Park in Hyderabad district, and Mahavir Harina Vanasthali National Park and Mrugavani National Park in Ranga Reddy district.
The official languages of the state are Telugu and Urdu. Telangana has 10 districts, 42 revenue divisions, and 462 mandals. According to the census conducted in 2011, Telangana’s literacy rate was 66.46% with male literacy and female literacy to be 74.95% and 57.92% respectively. The economy of Telangana is majorly driven by agriculture and farming with rice being the major food crop. Other important crops include cotton, sugarcane, mango and tobacco. The state is also growing in fields like biotechnology and information technology. Now, it is one of the top IT states in India consisting of 68 special economic zones (SEZ).
The Telangana state has won CNBC-TV18 most promising state of the year award for the year of 2015 and the Jury for the India Business Leader Awards (IBLA) had collectively chosen Telangana for the award. The state is well connected by structured transportation system through roadways, railways, airways with the Mahatma Gandhi Bus Station (M.G.B.S) in Hyderabad, which is one of the largest bus stands in Asia. Various monuments like Charminar, Golconda Fort, Qutb Shahi Tombs, Chowmahalla Palace, Falaknuma Palace, Birla Mandir and Bhongir Fort, Warangal Fort are the places of attraction for tourists in the state of Telangana.