In today’s article, we will learn What is Power Sharing, why power sharing is done, and the advantages and disadvantages of power-sharing, the form of power-sharing, and why power sharing is desirable?
What is Power-Sharing
Power-sharing arrangements can also be seen under the control of political parties, pressure groups, and movements, or the influence of those in power — the sharing of powers in political parties (as coalition governments).
For example, Russia’s two political parties, the Union of Right Forces and the Liberal Yoblo Movement united into a robust right-wing coalition. He proposed a general list of candidates for the next parliamentary elections.
Power-Sharing Forms
- Horizontal distribution of power
- The spread of electricity with the emergence of democracy
- The horizontal distribution of power between the legislative, executive and judiciary – separation ensures that no one can exercise unlimited powers, and each organ examines the others.
- Although the executive appoints judges, checks and balances can see the work of the executive or laws made by the legislatures.
- For example, the Bombay High Court ordered the Maharashtra state government to immediately take action and improve the living conditions for 2,000 children in seven children’s homes in Mumbai.
Federal Government
Sharing powers at different levels Federal Government, Provincial Government (Central and State Government) For example, finance ministers of various states in Nigeria demanded that the federal government declare its sources of income and formula various state governments distribute the revenue.
Community Government
Powers should be shared between different social groups – religious and linguistic – for example, community government in Belgium; Some countries have constitutional and legal systems in which socially weaker sections and women are represented in legislatures and administration –
For example, reserved constituencies – fair share for the minority. For example, Canada’s Ontario State Government had agreed to a land claim settlement with the Aboriginal community.
The Minister announced that the government would work with Aboriginal people in a spirit of mutual respect and cooperation.
Coalition Government
Power-sharing arrangements can also be seen under the control of political parties, pressure groups, and movements, or the influence of those in power — the sharing of powers in political parties (as coalition governments).
For example, Russia’s two political parties, the Union of Right Forces and the Liberal Yoblo Movement united into a robust right-wing coalition. He proposed a general list of candidates for the next parliamentary elections.
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Why is Power Sharing Desirable?
- Prudential- It reduces conflict between social groups
- Prudential – Ensures the stability of political order.
- Prudential – Ensuring a majority undermines the unity of the nation (it is oppressive for the minority)
- Moral – it is good for the spirit of democracy.
- Moral – People will have the right to consult how they are governed
- Prudential – based on discretion, or careful calculation of profit and loss.
- Prudential is that sharing power will lead to better results, while sharing power may be valued for ethical reasons.
- Look at the story of Khalil’s dilemma where there is a religion-based asylum and not in the case of other democracies.
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Belgium
- Smaller than Haryana in Europe
- Borders with France, Netherlands, Germany, and Luxembourg
- It has a population of over one crore.
- Complex ethnic groups – 59% speak Flemish, and 40% speak French (rich and powerful) in Dutch and Wallonia, and 1% speak German.
- Brussels – 80% French and 20% Dutch speakers
- Tensions between Dutch and French in 1950 and 1960 (Dutch-speaking country had a majority but minority in the capital)
- Between 1970 and 1993, he amended the constitution four times so that all could live within the country.
- The number of Dutch and French-speaking ministers will be the same in the central government.
- Many powers of the central government have been given to the state governments.
- Brussels has a separate government in which both communities have equal representation. French-speaking people accepted equal representation in Brussels as the Dutch-speaking community accepted equal representation in the central government.
- ‘Community government’ is elected by people belonging to a language community – Dutch, French and German speakers – it had a power about cultural, educational and language issues.
- They avoided civil strife between two communities and possible division on linguistic lines.
- When the European Union was formed, Brussels was chosen as the headquarters.
- Leaders felt that unity was possible only by respecting the feelings and interests of others.
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Sri Lanka
- Speakers of Sinhalese (Buddhist) form 74% and Tamil-speaking (Hindu or Muslim) form 18%; 7% Christian (both Tamil and Sinhala)
- Sri Lankan Tamil (13% mainly in North and East) and Indian Tamil (ancestors came from India during the colonial period) within Tamil
- Got independence in 1948
- Majority: The majority community should be able to rule in any country the way it wants, ignoring the wishes and needs of the minority.
- Sinhala determined to achieve adequate status.
- 1956 – Sinhala language as an official language
- Preferential policies that prefer Sinhalese applicants for university posts and government jobs
- The state started protecting Buddhism.
- Increased sense of alienation among Sri Lankan Tamils - believes constitution deprived of equal political rights, discrimination in jobs and neglected interests.
- Sri Lankans wanted Tamil Tamil as an official language to secure education and jobs for regional autonomy and equality of opportunity.
- Demand for separate Tamil Eelam (state) in the 1980s
- This led to civil war – killing communities and forcing people as refugees – to shock economic, health, and social lives.
