How to Become President of India: All political parties of the country are engaged in electing their respective candidates for the presidential election.
The general public only gets to know about the elections and their candidates. Then they are informed about who has been elected the next President.
But the public does not know the merit on which candidates are selected for the post of President. Explain that to become the President of India, some special qualifications are required. If anyone has these qualifications, then he too can join the race to become President.
In the presidential election, political parties cannot issue whips to force their MPs and MLAs to vote in favor of a particular candidate. Come, tell you who can become the President of the country. How is the President elected in our country?
Presidential Qualification in India
The post of President is constitutional in India. Article 58 of the Constitution lays down certain conditions for a person to become President, which are as follows:
According to Article 58 of the Constitution, any person will be eligible to become President if he has these qualifications.
- He should be a citizen of India.
- He must have completed 35 years of age.
- Be eligible to be elected a member of the Lok Sabha.
- Do not hold any office of profit. If a person is on the post of President or Vice-President or a member of the Union or the Council of Ministers of a State, it shall not be deemed that he is in the office of profit.
Presidential Rights
The President has many rights, which are for taking important decisions in the country. Know what those rights are.
The post of President of the country is considered the highest position in India. The President of India is the constitutional head of the government.
This supreme office has been given many powers and powers in the Constitution. There are some powers that any other incumbent in the country does not hold.
As such, no law of the land can be made without the permission of the President. The final seal of the President is to convert the Bill into law.
A bill passed in Parliament is sent to the President for approval. The President either gives his consent to it or sends it back to the Parliament to reconsider the Bill.
However, if Parliament passes it again, the President has to approve it. Apart from this, the President also has the right to veto any bill.
There is an essential veto in this pocket veto. That is, the President has the right to keep any bill passed in Parliament indefinitely.
The President also has the power to dismiss the death penalty. The punishment of the offender can be waived after the President’s signature on the mercy petition.
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Presidential Selection Process
- The formal process begins with the Election Commission issuing notification of the President’s election under the procedure laid down under Article 324 of the Constitution and the President and Vice President Elections Act 1952.
- Presidential elections are conducted according to the provisions given in Articles 54-59 of the Constitution.
- Article 54 clarifies that the President’s election will be done through the Electoral College, in which members of the Legislative Assemblies and Legislative Councils of all the states besides the Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha will be voters. In this way, apart from both Parliament houses, elected members of legislative assemblies of all the states are members of the Electoral College. Nominated members of any parliament or group do not have the right to vote in presidential elections.
- The President is elected through proportional representation, in which a person casts a vote. It is essential to know two things. First, proportional representation: Different members of the electoral college have a different vote value. For the MLA, it depends on the state’s population and the number of MLAs in the state. The value of the vote of MLAs is fixed for every state. This is the highest 208 for Uttar Pradesh and the minimum 8 for Sikkim. For an MP, it depends on the vote value of each MLA and the number of MPs elected. Currently, this price is 708.
- This year, a total of 4,896 voters (4,120 MLAs and 776 MPs) will vote through ballot paper.
- There is another system in this election, a method of preference voting. This means that not only do the voters choose the best candidates; they also tell that someone other than them is their choice. In this case, he can give a second preference vote to one candidate or another candidate. The advantage of this is that if a candidate does not win by first preference votes, the winner is decided based on the second preference.
- For a candidate to win, it is necessary to get a fixed number of votes. It is decided based on the total valid ballot. Therefore, to win the presidential election, the candidate must get (4,896 / 2) +1 i.e., 2,449 votes. If no candidate reaches this figure, then the candidate with the lowest votes will be excluded from the race.
- However, a preference vote ensures that no more options are needed. The candidate’s voice with the lowest number of votes is divided among the remaining candidates based on the voter’s second preference vote. This process continues until a candidate gets the necessary votes to win.
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